Revisiting Old Titles -- Reading Railroad And Exhibit Playtests

Every once in a while I review <a href="https://sedjtroll.blogspot.com/search/label/TheList">The List</a> and take stock of my active, back-burnered, and abandoned game projects. Early this year, in an effort to make progress on some of the stale games, I solicited co-designers - this has borne fruit in a couple of cases:<br /><br /><b><a href="https://sedjtroll.blogspot.com/search/label/Kilauea">Kilauea</a> </b>was picked up<span style="font-family: inherit;"> by <span style="background-color: white; color: #222222;">Thiago Jabuonski, who follows this blog. He had some great ideas to revive that, one of my oldest designs on the list. He made some prototype files of his new version, and I <a href="https://sedjtroll.blogspot.com/2020/07/prototypes-out-of-woodwork-and-onto.html">imported them into Tabletop Simulator</a>, and we're going to meet online this week to discuss it.</span></span><br /><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><br /></span></span><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222;">I've probably posted before about Mike Brown coming on board for <b><a href="https://sedjtroll.blogspot.com/search/label/Automatown">Automatown</a></b>, and he made some big strides forward. I've played his l</span></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: inherit;">atest version with my testers on the</span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"> </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222;">TTS mod he made for it, and he entered it into a contest recently where it unfortunately didn't fare too well in the first round.</span><br /><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><br /></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222;">And I've definitely discussed how Rick Holzgrafe has helped immensely to bring <b><a href="https://sedjtroll.blogspot.com/search/label/WorkerLearning">Apotheosis</a> </b>from pretty-well-thought-out-idea to basically-finished-design (to the point I've pitched it to a couple of publishers).</span><br /><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><br /></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222;">In addition to getting co-designers on board for some of my old games, I have decided to revive some of my old favorites on my own as well. </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222;">At the tail end of last year, I finally revisited the first real design I ever worked on: </span><b style="color: #222222;"><a href="https://sedjtroll.blogspot.com/search/label/A41">All For One</a></b><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222;">. It was fantastic to get that one back to the table and fix some niggling problems I've had with it for literally years!</span><br /><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><br /></span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222;">More recently I got another couple of old favorites back to the table: <b><a href="http://sedjtroll.blogspot.com/search/label/CJ">Reading Railroad</a></b>, and <b><a href="http://sedjtroll.blogspot.com/search/label/BluffAuction">Exhibit: Artifacts of the Ages</a></b>.</span><br /><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222;"><br /></span></span>I had a rare playtest opportunity with Michelle a few weeks ago, so I brought out <b><a href="http://sedjtroll.blogspot.com/search/label/CJ">Reading Railroad</a> </b>for the first time since probably 2008 when I submitted it to the KublaContest (it didn't go over well in the contest as I recall). The rulebook in the box didn't sound quite like I remembered it, so we played the way I remembered -- I'm not sure that made any real difference though. The game went OK, but revealed a few things worth changing, or at least looking into:<br />* I could use some more buildings (like Factories) that do different things. As Factories are "size 4" (they take up 4 City Tile spaces), perhaps I should have a building of each size 1, 2, and 3 as well. I may be over enamored with symmetry :) I'm sure I could figure out 3 more effects to add... for example, "treat one of your City Tiles as wild." <br />* Maybe allow buying ANY letter, not just vowels. This would make the word building even more forgiving, but it would still be much more efficient to use the tile you've drawn. This could even be a building effect!<br />* Instead of 1 letter per turn, players should probably draw at least 2 -- that would speed up the recharge and make the game more consistently fun, I think. You'd still get additional letters for every 4 City Tiles you have collected.<br />* Michelle suggested having multiple different endgame word sets, which could be worth doing, though I'm not sure if it will actually change the game at all.<br />* I'm unsure whether it would be better to "take 1 City Tile from each city you add to your network" or "take 1 City Tile each tine you build track" (this was the rulebook discrepancy I mentioned). The implication of the former is that you can get 2 City Tiles in a turn by starting a new network, but you can never get 2 Tiles from the same City, which might be annoyingly frustrating. The implications of the latter are that you CAN get 2 tiles from the same city, but only ever 1 Tile per turn.<br /><br />I enjoyed playing this one again, and having made a TTS mod for it, I was excited to play it with my playtesters as well. Sadly, a TTS error made it so I couldn't play Reading Railroad with my playtesters after all, so last weekend when I got the chance to playtest, I revived another old game instead: <a href="http://sedjtroll.blogspot.com/search/label/BluffAuction"><b>Exhibit</b></a>!<br /><br /><b>Exhibit </b>is kind of a finished game, I even signed it with a publisher at one point (7 years ago!), but it never came out due to dumb reasons. At this point I think it's been long enough, it's time to revive this one, and maybe see if I can't get it signed once again!<br /><br />I played <b>Exhibit </b>with Dave and Aaron on Saturday, first time since 2014. The game still worked, went well, and felt good. I've been hemming and hawing over the Art effect (+1vp vs +2vp), unsure whether one is too little a reward to matter or the other is so much it will destroy the set collection mechanism. During this last game, I thought of an alternative... instead of additional points, maybe art should score as if the set had +1 tile. This would make art worth +2vp on a 1-tile exhibit (on par with what I was already considering), and +3 or 4 on a bigger exhibit. This might overvalue Art in the late game, but I'm not sure that's necessarily bad. I'll give that tweak a try next time I play, but other than that, I think this game could be considered finished.

Revisiting Old Titles -- Reading Railroad And Exhibit Playtests

Every once in a while I review The List and take stock of my active, back-burnered, and abandoned game projects. Early this year, in an eff...

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Ep 22: Give Me Lead Til I’m Dead Is Live!

<div class="p1"><span class="s1">Ep 22: Give Me Lead Til I'm Dead</span></div><div class="p1"><span class="s1"><br /></span></div><div class="p1"><span class="s1">We talk with Chris Lopez and Tom Grove about Bring Out Your Lead Oldhammer event in the UK.</span></div><div class="p1"><span class="s1"><br /></span></div><div class="p1"><span class="s1">https://soundcloud.com/user-989538417/episode-22-give-me-lead-til-im-dead</span></div><div class="p1"><span class="s1"><br /></span></div><div class="p1"><span class="s1">The Veteran Wargamer is brought to you by Kings Hobbies and Games</span></div><div class="p2"><span class="s2"><a href="http://www.kingshobbiesandgames.com/">http://www.Kingshobbiesandgames.com</a></span></div><div class="p1"><span class="s1">https://www.facebook.com/Special-Artizan-Service-Miniatures-1791793644366746/</span></div><div class="p3"><span class="s1"></span><br /></div><div class="p1"><span class="s1">Join the conversation at <a href="https://theveteranwargamer.blogspot.com/"><span class="s3">https://theveteranwargamer.blogspot.com</span></a>, email theveteranwargamer@gmail.com, Twitter @veteranwargamer</span></div><div class="p3"><span class="s1"></span><br /></div><div class="p1"><span class="s1">Other companies we mentioned:</span></div><div class="p1"><span class="s1">Warhammer 40,000 Rogue Trader Reprint</span></div><div class="p2"><span class="s2"><a href="https://warhammerworld.games-workshop.com/2016/12/27/from-the-archives-warhammer-40000-rogue-trader/">https://warhammerworld.games-workshop.com/2016/12/27/from-the-archives-warhammer-40000-rogue-trader/</a></span></div><div class="p3"><span class="s1"></span><br /></div><div class="p1"><span class="s1">Longbows to Lasers, my old blog</span></div><div class="p2"><span class="s2"><a href="http://longbowstolasers.blogspot.com/">http://longbowstolasers.blogspot.com/</a></span></div><div class="p3"><span class="s1"></span><br /></div><div class="p1"><span class="s1">Give 'em Lead, Tom's blog</span></div><div class="p2"><span class="s2"><a href="http://givemlead.blogspot.com/">http://givemlead.blogspot.com/</a></span></div><div class="p3"><span class="s1"></span><br /></div><div class="p1"><span class="s1">Oldhammer forum</span></div><div class="p2"><span class="s2"><a href="http://forum.oldhammer.org.uk/">http://forum.oldhammer.org.uk/</a></span></div><div class="p3"><span class="s1"></span><br /></div><div class="p1"><span class="s1">Leadpile, Whiskey Priest's blog</span></div><div class="p2"><span class="s2"><a href="http://theleadpile.blogspot.com/">http://theleadpile.blogspot.com/</a></span></div><div class="p3"><span class="s1"></span><br /></div><div class="p1"><span class="s1">Warhammer for adults, Weazil the Wise's blog</span></div><div class="p2"><span class="s2"><a href="http://warhammerforadults.blogspot.com/">http://warhammerforadults.blogspot.com/</a></span></div><div class="p3"><span class="s1"></span><br /></div><div class="p1"><span class="s1">Mr Papafakis, Erasmus' blog - home of the Helsreach Ork Walker</span></div><div class="p2"><span class="s2"><a href="http://papafakis.blogspot.com/">http://papafakis.blogspot.com/</a></span></div><div class="p3"><span class="s1"></span><br /></div><div class="p1"><span class="s1">Helsreach video on The Veteran Wargamer FB page</span></div><div class="p2"><span class="s2"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/Theveteranwargamer/videos/1398108506933739/">https://www.facebook.com/Theveteranwargamer/videos/1398108506933739/</a></span></div><div class="p3"><span class="s1"></span><br /></div><div class="p1"><span class="s1">Foundry - Supporters of Bring Out Your Lead and all things Oldhammer</span></div><div class="p2"><span class="s2"><a href="https://www.wargamesfoundry.com/pages/oldhammer">https://www.wargamesfoundry.com/pages/oldhammer</a></span></div><div class="p3"><span class="s1"></span><br /></div><div class="p3"><span class="s1"></span><br /></div><style type="text/css">p.p1 {margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; font: 12.0px 'Helvetica Neue'; -webkit-text-stroke: #000000} p.p2 {margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; font: 12.0px 'Helvetica Neue'; color: #9e4a2f; -webkit-text-stroke: #9e4a2f} p.p3 {margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; font: 12.0px 'Helvetica Neue'; -webkit-text-stroke: #000000; min-height: 14.0px} span.s1 {font-kerning: none} span.s2 {text-decoration: underline ; font-kerning: none} span.s3 {text-decoration: underline ; font-kerning: none; color: #9e4a2f; -webkit-text-stroke: 0px #9e4a2f} </style> <br /><div class="p1"><span class="s1">Music courtesy bensound.com. Recorded with zencastr.com. Edited with Audacity. Make your town beautiful; get a haircut.</span></div>

Ep 22: Give Me Lead Til I’m Dead Is Live!

Ep 22: Give Me Lead Til I'm Dead We talk with Chris Lopez and Tom Grove about Bring Out Your Lead Oldhammer event in the UK. https://sou...

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Sanity Slips Away!

What's going on everyone!?<p><br></p><p>Today was a pretty rough day and I actually ended up hurting my back more than ever. It really sucks and is insanely painful but it's not like I knew I was going to hurt my back today any worse than it already is.</p><p><p></p></p><p><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgiGIeP8QYh43jGyBN3DJHwOaYYKR0yimf6imo9Tf9AoO96tAwqImiR3u-6R5F_XBVtC1nGA07fH703uTqWyhP_KykoGfv_GEoRk6MYpdXADLsie01Byu4yRPWj4OVLucgHJ2kSMxsfnvM/s1600/%255BUNSET%255" imageanchor="1"><img data-original-height="" data-original-width="" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgiGIeP8QYh43jGyBN3DJHwOaYYKR0yimf6imo9Tf9AoO96tAwqImiR3u-6R5F_XBVtC1nGA07fH703uTqWyhP_KykoGfv_GEoRk6MYpdXADLsie01Byu4yRPWj4OVLucgHJ2kSMxsfnvM/"></a></p><p>For the #2019gameaday challenge I played a game of Elder Sign: Omens and completely succumbed to the darkness. </p><p><p></p></p><p><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcOEzeyZjn4DI_TT4c6Ue05xf5AzJVTZvggrtloLt4rfg_8u1J5I74XmRP99RMEovSLg42SO5-84imdkCRz7hzzmv5kPlao7vp7eJwJbH0J_hGEORA4ttOmW5fZGpdUb4n74k5T3bsHmU/s1600/%255BUNSET%255" imageanchor="1"><img data-original-height="" data-original-width="" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhcOEzeyZjn4DI_TT4c6Ue05xf5AzJVTZvggrtloLt4rfg_8u1J5I74XmRP99RMEovSLg42SO5-84imdkCRz7hzzmv5kPlao7vp7eJwJbH0J_hGEORA4ttOmW5fZGpdUb4n74k5T3bsHmU/"></a></p><p><p></p></p><p><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhtRExbhYyg6aa3kY3E74usV8x5ZRAi3qOFN89la-Ofs1U7axn_NJZx3jlGnoukUBvyBrbnxOHbUpw1Mn-EbxbHtMecnE18muxtkJS5vLYRGNEcNbo3BlMJUts23KDXxNXdNd8RN_JCu-c/s1600/%255BUNSET%255" imageanchor="1"><img data-original-height="" data-original-width="" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhtRExbhYyg6aa3kY3E74usV8x5ZRAi3qOFN89la-Ofs1U7axn_NJZx3jlGnoukUBvyBrbnxOHbUpw1Mn-EbxbHtMecnE18muxtkJS5vLYRGNEcNbo3BlMJUts23KDXxNXdNd8RN_JCu-c/"></a></p><p>As always, thank you for reading and don't forget to stop and smell the meeples!  :)</p><p>-Tim</p>

Sanity Slips Away!

What's going on everyone!? Today was a pretty rough day and I actually ended up hurting my back more than ever. It really sucks and is i...

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Downlod Gta 3 Highle Compresed In 98.0Mb By (Ayush Anand)

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhHFEpEMHeH2zLbgJteZUEz-Ev_AK_2M2xAcfoEAHTeh0zrZxHbk4SrwoGIMT1SBIbT991UWo1a9_6nXGw-rwljhwuONAcHBK3PhPzUznRh8cxt8QcS4B3qnVftJjetGJbdfYAD5A9D8oSG/s1600/fgfdgdf%2527.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="267" data-original-width="189" height="200" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhHFEpEMHeH2zLbgJteZUEz-Ev_AK_2M2xAcfoEAHTeh0zrZxHbk4SrwoGIMT1SBIbT991UWo1a9_6nXGw-rwljhwuONAcHBK3PhPzUznRh8cxt8QcS4B3qnVftJjetGJbdfYAD5A9D8oSG/s200/fgfdgdf%2527.jpg" width="141" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhpSJ0cRDFkfehl7RwEqadZmfbifcxW0kVpOAgmXNQ6WX8Ix9nW9JOIIyMDHBtE6gXK6pjD1wo8dewlovRQkoQLEkZbcF5rHwk9C795bRmF6XfRMt6PtTCfeWl5mEnRjV3qySN5KBchIXC2/s1600/ghfg.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; 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text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-XZqaWND_SqO-9rYaqQtvYODGcR965K-SpqlygYmBY3YUgxPaijJIMHX-mijOI6eLhSMdiK83l6SPO5-9RQAKgh-azqk-AxIma7PPdW-g9Wl15fjtWcvSTtlnEAhnpLwUeZ6WfYW8uD2b/s1600/hfhfgh.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="177" data-original-width="284" height="124" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-XZqaWND_SqO-9rYaqQtvYODGcR965K-SpqlygYmBY3YUgxPaijJIMHX-mijOI6eLhSMdiK83l6SPO5-9RQAKgh-azqk-AxIma7PPdW-g9Wl15fjtWcvSTtlnEAhnpLwUeZ6WfYW8uD2b/s200/hfhfgh.jpg" width="200" /></a></div><br /><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxRhHsHd6uOVWhO8X2npH1hSIUvwifqthpFMwwrVNR3yc7GXwiKeLjMFm3O7yGjD2-0bLJLfql14CATsVF_Jnwiw7422BIvjO4kILjlSHEYAP0ihz3b04DqEeKWGMdXOYYO_bd98InPh48/s1600/hjhj.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="168" data-original-width="300" height="111" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxRhHsHd6uOVWhO8X2npH1hSIUvwifqthpFMwwrVNR3yc7GXwiKeLjMFm3O7yGjD2-0bLJLfql14CATsVF_Jnwiw7422BIvjO4kILjlSHEYAP0ihz3b04DqEeKWGMdXOYYO_bd98InPh48/s200/hjhj.jpg" width="200" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhV12zQ-fcQ_Y7uUgfwPJgzZjLkmusLkV7Mur1H8JXLHUN2ohrTgtmfyW9ZJhfRIkUWJ2kwQUURyrHpogBepiuqhtxKgBZf8yASjb1xz5X4BUFQI4E9mFZIH16q3RYweI78KzNUUqLcFVjO/s1600/gsdgh.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="168" data-original-width="300" height="112" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhV12zQ-fcQ_Y7uUgfwPJgzZjLkmusLkV7Mur1H8JXLHUN2ohrTgtmfyW9ZJhfRIkUWJ2kwQUURyrHpogBepiuqhtxKgBZf8yASjb1xz5X4BUFQI4E9mFZIH16q3RYweI78KzNUUqLcFVjO/s200/gsdgh.jpg" width="200" /></a></div><br /><br />                                       <span style="color: blue;">                  download gta 3 full free verson</span><br /><h4 style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: large; font-weight: normal;">gta 3 minimum reqirments</span><span style="font-size: large; font-weight: normal;">2 gb ram</span><span style="font-size: large; 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background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0b0080;" title="Action-adventure video game">action-adventure video game</a> developed by <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DMA_Design" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0b0080;" title="DMA Design">DMA Design</a> and published by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rockstar_Games" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0b0080;" title="Rockstar Games">Rockstar Games</a>. It was released in October 2001 for the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PlayStation_2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0b0080;" title="PlayStation 2">PlayStation 2</a>, in May 2002 for <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0b0080;" title="Microsoft Windows">Microsoft Windows</a>, and in October 2003 for the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xbox_(console)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0b0080;" title="Xbox (console)">Xbox</a>. A remastered version of the game was released on mobile platforms in 2011, for the game's tenth anniversary. It is the fifth title in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Theft_Auto" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0b0080;" title="Grand Theft Auto">Grand Theft Auto series</a>, and the first main entry since 1999's <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Theft_Auto_2" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0b0080;" title="Grand Theft Auto 2">Grand Theft Auto 2</a>. Set within the fictional Liberty City, based on <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_City" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0b0080;" title="New York City">New York City</a>, the game follows <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claude_(Grand_Theft_Auto)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0b0080;" title="Claude (Grand Theft Auto)">Claude</a> after he is left for dead and quickly becomes entangled in a world of gangs, crime and corruption.</span><span style="font-size: large; font-weight: normal;">The game is played from a <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Third-person_(video_games)" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0b0080;" title="Third-person (video games)">third-person perspective</a> and its world is navigated on foot or by vehicle. The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_world" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0b0080;" title="Open world">open world</a> design lets players freely roam Liberty City, consisting of three main islands. Development was shared between DMA Design, based in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edinburgh" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0b0080;" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a> and Rockstar, in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_City" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0b0080;" title="New York City">New York City</a>. Much of the development work constituted transforming popular series elements into a fully 3D world. The game was delayed following the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_11_attacks" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0b0080;" title="September 11 attacks">September 11 attacks</a>, to allow the team to change references and gameplay deemed inappropriate.</span><span style="font-size: large; font-weight: normal;">Upon release, the game received critical acclaim, with praise particularly directed at its concept and gameplay. However, the game also generated controversy, with criticism directed at the depiction of violence and sexual content. Grand Theft Auto III became the best-selling video game of 2001, and has sold over 14.5 million copies since. Considered one of the most significant titles of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sixth_generation_of_video_game_consoles" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0b0080;" title="Sixth generation of video game consoles">sixth generation</a> of video games, and by many critics as one of the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_video_games_considered_the_best" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0b0080;" title="List of video games considered the best">greatest video games of all time</a>, it won year-end accolades, including <a class="mw-redirect" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game_of_the_Year" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0b0080;" title="Game of the Year">Game of the Year</a> awards from several <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_game_journalism" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0b0080;" title="Video game journalism">gaming publications</a>. Since its release, it has received numerous <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porting" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0b0080;" title="Porting">ports</a> to many gaming platforms. Its successor, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Theft_Auto:_Vice_City" style="background-attachment: initial; background-clip: initial; background-image: none; background-origin: initial; background-position: initial; background-repeat: initial; background-size: initial; color: #0b0080;" title="Grand Theft Auto: Vice City">Grand Theft Auto: Vice City</a>, was released in October 2002.</span></div><span style="font-size: large; font-style: italic;"><br /></span></h4><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVXY40UFkaqOr97onMX7JmGTBUgnygbSaApCeS-J1XMVje6OKCoIiCq1sfEYZkqOHhZiH7mB1Qka-mOZ6FSQ90uPPZ1Fe_NcIy9bHKu0B5GGX-UEsI3Xm1Ai3vhmhixr7ELww7sdUzylQl/s1600/Click+here.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="100" data-original-width="100" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgVXY40UFkaqOr97onMX7JmGTBUgnygbSaApCeS-J1XMVje6OKCoIiCq1sfEYZkqOHhZiH7mB1Qka-mOZ6FSQ90uPPZ1Fe_NcIy9bHKu0B5GGX-UEsI3Xm1Ai3vhmhixr7ELww7sdUzylQl/s1600/Click+here.gif" /></a></div><div style="text-align: left;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br /><div class="" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="text-align: left;"><span style="color: blue;">game pssword is = i dontknow password</span></span></div><i><br /></i></div><div style="text-align: left;"><i><br /></i></div><div style="text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://www.sendspace.com/file/7cleo5" rel="nofollow" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="https://www.sendspace.com/file/7cleo5" border="0" data-original-height="137" data-original-width="367" height="74" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgONYSeTXdyaCbPDAcYbwPzieyvKnBucs9mH-YjZs2DZgF4N4fPaNmvM-D4BvNgbx75MzP1o0pgJSQtPFbfUcy7aPmtSE4X0LpM8fP93C-Ax4jlBZQWSbftNqxh1S0JdqWUqfjC07j4dBfH/s200/search.jpg" width="200" /></a></div><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /></div>

Downlod Gta 3 Highle Compresed In 98.0Mb By (Ayush Anand)

                                                          download gta 3 full free verson gta 3 minimum reqirments 2 gb ram 1 tb hardisk int...

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The Dread Rocket Raticate

<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhupHzqDthqX4Zm6q3_tdFxjdJq2sdbR98jABn4nk0zp9jeels_ShqXibwQ8WABqZr9mh3Qw_GVs_1og37F45dbxgkXe0WOR8OSviarpg2j7ZlrTPVyLyEbwduCqv3eURxUN4NLdVhhQvQ/s1600/image+%25281%2529.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="276" data-original-width="463" height="190" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhupHzqDthqX4Zm6q3_tdFxjdJq2sdbR98jABn4nk0zp9jeels_ShqXibwQ8WABqZr9mh3Qw_GVs_1og37F45dbxgkXe0WOR8OSviarpg2j7ZlrTPVyLyEbwduCqv3eURxUN4NLdVhhQvQ/s320/image+%25281%2529.png" width="320" /></a></div><br /><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Mount Moon is an interesting place. Located in northern Kanto, it's notable not only for its wealth of Pokémon Fossils, but also its extraordinary rate of meteorites per year. I spoke with Gym Leader Brock about it before leaving Pewter City and learned that it was somewhat a rite of passage for Pokémon trainers heading out from western Kanto to the eastern plains. There were certainly easier ways to get to Cerulean City and Saffron City, but Brock assured me that if I was serious about Pokémon training, Mount Moon was the best way to go.<br /><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Mount Moon is an arduous climb and littered with numerous interlocking caves that weave beneath the peak. It was not for the faint of heart, but it would be a chance to bond with my Pokémon in the wilderness. I used some of the winnings I earned at Brock's gym to stock up on food, potions, and a handful of Pokéballs before setting out down Route 3 toward the famous landmark mountain.<br /><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Along Route 3, I battled a very enthusiastic Shorts Appreciation Fan Club. Delightful young trainers eager to challenge Brock and head off on their own through Mount Moon, but mainly obsessed with shorts. It was along this route and among these youngsters that I first heard the name Team Rocket whispered. According to these young campers and hikers, Team Rocket had set up an operation of sorts at Mount Moon and their presence there was deterring a lot of trainers from passing through.<br /><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Back then, Team Rocket was an organization to be feared. They had a lot of influence over everyday life in Kanto, and very few people had the courage to stand up to them. However, as a newcomer to the Kanto region, I was truly clueless at the time. I could see that the kids were unsettled by the thought of Rocket grunts lurking in the caves of Mount Moon, but I was incapable of understanding what this threat meant to them, or what it would come to mean to me. I pressed onward down Route 3 hoping to reach the base camp and Pokémon Center at the foot of Mount Moon before nightfall.<br /><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Along the way, I managed to catch a Spearow who I gladly added to the team. I named him Shakespear. Shakespear would come to serve me well inside the dark tunnels of Mount Moon. He needed some training before we entered, so I set to work using the base camp as our new base of operations. Shakespear proved to be a formidable bird and was not unlike Kiwi in his ability to grow quickly adept at fighting and training.<br /><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>While we were training in the shadow of Mount Moon, Lucky developed a powerful psychic attack that had the potential to inflict confusion upon his opponents, and I noticed Nibbles able to inject a bit of poison from the tip of his horn with some regularity. I was certainly impressed in the team's progress. It was time to start our trek through the underbelly of Mount Moon.<br /><br /><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="white-space: pre;"></span></div><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="float: right; text-align: right;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgO7EyZk8DUKyGAEq4QeEV1G9IuOo0SbUEDYYGN96K9uDznEzz93MHFox1gnX7khtQ6HREUug5p4wdI0GZEeO2YgFEN0DHpth0XZlN8v_HBF3oNOUWoUsedJjDtwMfK1tM5nMsy5O6ZRAc/s1600/Ep7+-+Zubat+Sketch.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="641" data-original-width="719" height="285" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgO7EyZk8DUKyGAEq4QeEV1G9IuOo0SbUEDYYGN96K9uDznEzz93MHFox1gnX7khtQ6HREUug5p4wdI0GZEeO2YgFEN0DHpth0XZlN8v_HBF3oNOUWoUsedJjDtwMfK1tM5nMsy5O6ZRAc/s320/Ep7+-+Zubat+Sketch.png" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><i style="color: #263238; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; text-align: left;">The Zubat was one of the easier Pokémon to sketch, <br />due largely in part to their huge colony within Mt. Moon.</i></td></tr></tbody></table><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>They don't write this on any of the brochures that I saw, but Mount Moon is absolutely infested with Zubat. You can't go three feet without being assailed by another Zubat, and so naturally the next great addition to Team Fox was a Zubat named Vesper. As I'm sure you can imagine, if you are at all familiar with Zubat, Vesper was a bit of a nightmare to train. That might actually be an understatement.<br /><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>As we methodically made our way through Mount Moon, I was determined to get Vesper up to par with my other traveling companions. He would often open up a battle with other Zubat, or with the occasional trainer we found along those winding paths, only to be replaced with Shakespear who was an absolute terror in those tunnels.<br /><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Shakespear earned his place on my team as the number one Zubat deterrent on Mount Moon. He could out-perform them at every turn, pecking them out of the sky and sending a message that we were not to be trifled with by other Zubat. Those other Zubat did not get that message, however, and continued to plague us the entire time.<br /><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Among the outer caves of Mount Moon, I ran into a wide variety of trainers. As Brock had mentioned, it truly did seem as a thoroughfare for aspiring trainers to test their resolve against both the forces of nature and each other. In this particular case, Mount Moon served to test young trainers against a never ending onslaught of territorial Zubat. There were young boys and girls, among them a bug catching kid who wandered too far from Viridian Forest, I presume. I passed and challenged the occasional hiker and a science enthusiast. None posed much of a problem for my team and the pain of losing Rascal felt like it was passing somewhat.<br /><br /><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>In the heart of Mount Moon, I finally encountered members of Team Rocket. As I approached in the darkness, I heard them talking. Another young trainer had passed through quite recently and dealt them a severe Pokémon beating that still had them upset. Instead of keeping him out of their operation, he had apparently just blown straight through them and their Pokémon without hesitation. When they saw me lurking in the darkness, eavesdropping on their conversation, well they decided to take out their frustrations on me.<br /><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Although most of them were weakened by this previous trainer to a point where they couldn't even muster a Pokémon to participate, there was one trainer in that dark tunnel I will never forget. He was the champion of their little operation under Mount Moon, and he would make me pay for wandering where I wasn't wanted. He only had one Pokémon to face my five, but it was enough. I was lucky he didn't have any more.<br /><br /><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>This Rocket Grunt had an absurdly powerful Raticate, an evolution of my previous Pokémon, Rascal. I knew I had to be careful and so I threw out Lucky to face him. Lucky had recently learned to harness particles on its wings into powerful toxins, and so I had Lucky blow a debilitating sleep powder onto the Dread Rocket Raticate as I would come to call it. As expected, the Raticate dozed off gently and opened itself up to tormenting psychic attacks from Lucky.<br /><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>What I did not expect was its incredible resilience to Lucky's powerful psychic ability. This ability had taken down numerous thick skinned Geodude along the tunnels of Mount Moon, but the Raticate was formidable. I could tell it was almost defeated, but just as Lucky was going to incapacitate it, Dread Rocket Raticate woke up. It quickly evaded the next attempt to spread a sleep powder. Then it bit down and it bit down hard on Lucky. It was a blow so devastating that Lucky was indeed lucky to not pass out from the strain. I had to switch.<br /><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>I took a moment to collect myself with all the other Rocket grunts gathered around to cheer on their formidable leader and his terrible Raticate. I knew his Raticate was on the verge of defeat. It would only take one more solid hit to knock it out of the fight and claim a victory. Vesper was still useless. Kiwi and Shakespear were valid candidates, because of their speed and agility. But of all my Pokémon, Nibbles had the most solid defense with his very thick hide, so I felt if any of them were going to survive that devastating hyper fang it would be Nibbles.<br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjw3PFR_4vgtjqx_bzuhmiBjed2ze8WiXr_Hp5-cyvVVTI0rD3lCwGq0C5KWrO9dO3Q6WkDaKaRnwffTe2YdoLU-1Vjxa-XZ_8oUxoJgDqdulQ2xopSw_5p2qWe6AbaDG2Cs6KCR4_MYKE/s1600/Ep7+-+Raticate+v+Nibbles.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="748" data-original-width="748" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjw3PFR_4vgtjqx_bzuhmiBjed2ze8WiXr_Hp5-cyvVVTI0rD3lCwGq0C5KWrO9dO3Q6WkDaKaRnwffTe2YdoLU-1Vjxa-XZ_8oUxoJgDqdulQ2xopSw_5p2qWe6AbaDG2Cs6KCR4_MYKE/s320/Ep7+-+Raticate+v+Nibbles.png" width="320" /></a></div><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Sadly, I was wrong. Nibbles came out of his Pokéball twitching his long ears and ready to face any challenge. Nibbles didn't even have the chance to see what hit him. That damned Raticate bit down on Nibbles head so hard that he was done in seconds. There was no time for Nibbles to react. His fight was over before it had even begun. I let out a loud wail that echoed through the caverns beneath Mount Moon, but that exclamation of shock and disbelief was drowned out by the numerous members of Team Rocket whooping and hollering at their leader's small victory.<br /><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>It would be short lived. Kiwi came out and could sense my distress. He launched a brutal quick attack on the Dread Rocket Raticate and ended the fight in a single decisive blow. Team Rocket was not amused, but they were out of Pokémon and wouldn't dare lay a hand on me with my trained Pokémon at my side ready to defend me.<br /><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>I carefully excused myself from whatever nefarious plot they were hatching in that large cavern. They allowed me to pass on my way without any more provocation. They probably said a bunch of intimidating junk that those gangster types like to say, but honestly my heart was sunken deep into the ground. I wouldn't have heard anything they said. Although probably meaningless to them, I had failed Nibbles and now we would part ways forever.<br /><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>Speaking honestly, I had high hopes for Nibbles. He was so small and weak when we met, but he had the heart of a champion. I thought Nibbles would be with me on Victory Road, facing down the Elite Four and the Indigo Champion. I thought we would take on the world together, but these foul Team Rocket hooligans put an abrupt end to that fantasy.<br /><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>I nursed Nibbles back to good health in some quiet corner of Mount Moon and spent our last remaining moments together just appreciating the company. Much like with Rascal, I tried to explain to Nibbles why it was important to me that he lived out the rest of his life here on Mount Moon (and I could truly think of no better place for him) and why I would have to press on without him. I shed a few tears and gave Nibbles a careful hug, avoiding his poisonous horn. He seemed to understand and with a final look at me, he scampered off into the darkness.<br /><span style="white-space: pre;"> </span>I soldiered on for Rascal and Nibbles. I pressed on to Cerulean.<br /><br /><b>Current Team</b>:<br /><i style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.2px;">Attacks in <span style="color: blue;">Blue</span> are recently learned.</i><br /><i style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 13.2px;"><br /></i><iframe height="295" src="https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/e/2PACX-1vSkFAWWhn-THDcn5Y2YahKIRXIoTufuSARJF97bI0RS9B2caCzI0DRnhZyXyWBYON_SE0ShUyGnwz7n/pubhtml?gid=1817811187&single=true&widget=true&headers=false" width="600"></iframe>

The Dread Rocket Raticate

Mount Moon is an interesting place. Located in northern Kanto, it's notable not only for its wealth of Pokémon Fossils, but also ...

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Insecurities Of WhatsApp's, Signal's, And Threema's Group Chats

Recently, the theoretical and practical analysis of secure instant messenger protocols received much attention, but the focus of prior evaluations mostly lay in one-to-one communication. In this blog post we want to presents the results of our work that focuses on group chat protocols of three major instant messenger applications; namely <a href="https://signal.org/">Signal</a>, <a href="https://www.whatsapp.com/">WhatsApp</a>, and <a href="https://threema.ch/en">Threema</a>. <br /><br />In this blog post, we aim to focus on the practical impact and the found weaknesses identified by our analysis. The interested reader may also look into <a href="https://eprint.iacr.org/2017/713.pdf">our paper</a> for more details.<br /><br /><a name="more"></a><br /><h3>Our Aim and What We Were Looking For</h3>End-to-end encryption protects the confidentiality of communication that is forwarded via central servers to the designated receivers. As a consequence, neither parties on the network route of the messages, nor the provider of the central server (e.g. the WhatsApp server) should be able to read <u>any</u> information out of the observation of the communication. In particular, no other user of the application should have access to the communication. Further it might be desirable to require that also the messages' integrity is end-to-end protected and that a sender is informed about the delivery state of sent messages.<br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgAFyjqZccsit2630Q_SGMwwPyOZicNrV_wLOAQKqH0RUsOnzV10HAN-cJGnGXYalpSqCRX09U49TdNEKPv5TNyeH9fIVJHqoo8OHdk3r4fbnwclYv3yUg_ACA6CNIqP8FxTow-tCbULVUq/s1600/validity.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="161" data-original-width="332" height="155" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgAFyjqZccsit2630Q_SGMwwPyOZicNrV_wLOAQKqH0RUsOnzV10HAN-cJGnGXYalpSqCRX09U49TdNEKPv5TNyeH9fIVJHqoo8OHdk3r4fbnwclYv3yUg_ACA6CNIqP8FxTow-tCbULVUq/s320/validity.png" width="320" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Delivery state information in Signal (upper screenshot) and WhatsApp (lower screenshot)</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br />In a two party scenario, this analysis is rather fixed to two components of the protocol: the key establishment between both parties and the communication channel protection using the established key (mostly consisting of an encryption algorithm and a scheme for providing integrity like MACs or signature schemes).<br /><br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody><tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjj2TvXxaGJoO9WoS5X5VmpcyK0RGKjczfWJIVeKMCJgqhbNzddyvmaITG_kxRA__bJmosdgyeingU2ttaCrNNReQeTSdAZPBlVVurWPbFfcbjvJnv9ewzW6H9zlnZb2o1jNkt_c8Y4WpaT/s1600/AttackerModel.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img border="0" data-original-height="365" data-original-width="782" height="296" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjj2TvXxaGJoO9WoS5X5VmpcyK0RGKjczfWJIVeKMCJgqhbNzddyvmaITG_kxRA__bJmosdgyeingU2ttaCrNNReQeTSdAZPBlVVurWPbFfcbjvJnv9ewzW6H9zlnZb2o1jNkt_c8Y4WpaT/s640/AttackerModel.png" width="640" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><span style="font-size: small;">Regarded attackers</span></td></tr></tbody></table><br /><br />In a group setting, the same attackers apply (network, provider, other users). However the requirements for secure communication differ. It is further necessary that only group members can write to and read content from the group. Additionally, only administrators of the group are able to add new members.<br /><br />In addition to these standard requirements, we also evaluated the protocols' security guarantees if the client's secrets were revealed (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forward_secrecy"><i>forward secrecy</i></a> and <a href="https://whispersystems.org/blog/advanced-ratcheting/"><i>future secrecy</i></a>).<br /><h3>Our Approach</h3>We analyzed the mentioned protocols by reading the source code and debugging the apps. We also used alternative open source implementations of Threema and WhatsApp as a help and we traced the network traffic. When using alternative implementations, we only took incoming traffic into account, which was generated by official applications. Thereby we extracted the protocol descriptions and evaluated them regarding the defined requirements.<br /><h3>Our Findings</h3>In WhatsApp and Threema, the provider was able to manipulate the set of members. Threema only allowed the provider to rewind the set of members to a previous state. As a consequence previously removed members could have been added to the group again. The WhatsApp provider is able to arbitrarily manipulate the member set. Thereby further members and administrators can be added to the group. Since the authenticity of group manipulation is not protected, the WhatsApp provider can set the real group administrator as the source of manipulation even though this administrator was not active.<br /><br />Since Signal's key exchange protocol provides <i>future secrecy</i>, we also evaluated the protocol's ability to recover into a secure group state after a member's state was compromised. The essential weakness here is that a sender only needs to know the static group ID to send a message to the group. If a group member receives a message with the correct group ID, no verification regarding the current member set takes place but the message is directly added to the group communication. Consequently it is sufficient to retrieve the group ID in order to send messages to the group. Since Signal treats content messages the same way as messages for the manipulation of the group set, an attacker who knows the group ID can add herself to the group and thereby read the subsequent group communication.<br /><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg7D2V31U4tGKOme79evLBY6_IoZcOk4U1tln6lelzpgbj39lhzAji0B55hjls9mk1H0-ZbOh2BsYrLffVv03KHXA1ASLuaGzNjOhtnydEnoiHCRCz1Kgu_3eK63MC9Da11GvKX8oKNlOUW/s1600/evaluation.png" imageanchor="1"><img border="0" data-original-height="441" data-original-width="937" height="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg7D2V31U4tGKOme79evLBY6_IoZcOk4U1tln6lelzpgbj39lhzAji0B55hjls9mk1H0-ZbOh2BsYrLffVv03KHXA1ASLuaGzNjOhtnydEnoiHCRCz1Kgu_3eK63MC9Da11GvKX8oKNlOUW/s640/evaluation.png" width="640" /></a></div>In addition to this, in all cases the delivery state of sent messages was not securely provided. Threema's group chats do not inform the sender about the delivery state while Signal and WhatsApp do not protect the delivery information on the end-to-end layer. Therefore the central provider can forge this information and drop messages without letting the communicating parties detect this.<br /><br />Also the order of messages was manipulable for the providers of the applications such that the provider is able to deliver the messages in a different order than they were sent. Threema's weakness of rewinding a group state results from missing replay attack protection.<br /><h3>Impact of Weaknesses</h3>Even though end-to-end encryption is implemented in all analyzed applications, the central providers can largely manipulate the communication in groups and partially also read it.<br />In all applications, the provider can undetectably drop and reorder messages during the delivery and thereby manipulate the view of the communication such that further attacks can be obfuscated.<br />The central servers of WhatsApp can be used to add arbitrary users to groups and thereby receive their communication.<br />To achieve the same result for Signal, it suffices to retrieve the group ID. An earlier member who left the group once still knows this ID since it is static. However, in contrast to WhatsApp, the origin of the manipulation is correctly displayed in the Signal application (which was not the fact when we started our analysis).<br /><br />As a result, the end-to-end protection of WhatsApp is not sufficient to reach confidentiality in groups. For Signal no <i>future secrecy</i> is reached in groups and Threema was vulnerable to replay attacks which resulted in further weaknesses.<br /><h3>Responsible Disclosure</h3>We disclosed our findings to the developers and received varying response. Threema <a href="https://threema.ch/en/versionhistory">updated their protocol in version 3.14</a> such that our attacks are not feasible anymore. Moxie Marlinspike responded that Signal is "working on an entirely new group mechanism that we should be deploying soon". WhatsApp did not hold out the prospect of fixing the described vulnerabilities (Update 01/18: According to Facebook's Security Head, the invite links make a fix more difficult [<a href="https://twitter.com/alexstamos/status/951169036947107840">1</a>]; we proposed a way to solve this issue [<a href="https://web-in-security.blogspot.de/2018/01/group-instant-messaging-why-baming.html">2</a>]).<br /><br />[1] <a href="https://twitter.com/alexstamos/status/951169036947107840">https://twitter.com/alexstamos/status/951169036947107840</a><br />[2] <a href="https://web-in-security.blogspot.de/2018/01/group-instant-messaging-why-baming.html">https://web-in-security.blogspot.de/2018/01/group-instant-messaging-why-baming.html</a><h4>More information</h4><br><ul><li> <a href="https://www.google.be/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=15&url=https%3A%2F%2Famp.kitploit.com%2F2020%2F03%2Fevil-ssdp-spoof-ssdp-replies-and-create.html">Tools Used For Hacking </a></li><li> <a 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